Vertigo and Dizziness after Brain Injury

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Benign Positional Vertigo (BPV)- also called Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is perhaps the most common cause of vertigo, although it is actually a syndrome and not a disease. BPV is a vertigo which is often induced while a patient turns over in bed, or gets in and out of bed. Such change in positioning moves clots or debris inside the posterior semicircular canal, setting off the vertigo. It is most often caused either by trauma or viral infection.

While it is a benign disorder, which often remits spontaneously, it presents with such severe symptomatology, that patients often think something far more serious is involved. It is known to awaken individuals from sleep. Further, it is often accompanied by severe nausea and vomiting, which may be worse than the vertigo.

It is diagnosed by the use of the Dix Halpike Maneuver. BPV is often cured, just after it is diagnosed, by another maneuver performed by the treating doctor, to liberate these clots from the posterior semicircular canal. Success on these maneuvers has been found to be between 70 and 90%. While 10-20% of those with success on these maneuvers have a recurrence within a short time, a repetition of the maneuvers often relieves these episodes.

When caused by trauma, BPV typically appears within 3 days of the head injury. When caused by viral infections, it can arise within one week or even years after the viral infection.

While it will remit spontaneously, it often reappears, with about 50% of patients having at least one future bout of PBV, with some individuals having problems for years after the initial event.

In BPV the positional vertigo is "fatigable", meaning that it decreases with repetition of the maneuvers. When the symptoms of positional nystagmus, do not fatigue, then it is likely the cause is more serious, and may be attributable to central vestibular lesions.

Benign Positional Vertigo


		For a listing of the numerous disease and associated health conditions that can cause dysfunction of the vestibular system, go to: Benign Positional Vertigo (BPV)- also called Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is perhaps the most common cause of vertigo, although it is actually a syndrome and not a disease. BPV is a vertigo which is often induced while a patient turns over in bed, or gets in and out of bed. Such change in positioning moves clots or debris inside the posterior semicircular canal, setting off the vertigo. It is most often caused either by trauma or viral infection. While it is a benign disorder, which often remits spontaneously, it presents with such severe symptomatology, that patients often think something far more serious is involved. It is known to awaken individuals from sleep. Further, it is often accompanied by severe nausea and vomiting, which may be worse than the vertigo. It is diagnosed by the use of the Dix Halpike Maneuver. BPV is often cured, just after it is diagnosed, by another maneuver performed by the treating doctor, to liberate these clots from the posterior semicircular canal. Success on these maneuvers has been found to be between 70 and 90%. While 10-20% of those with success on these maneuvers have a recurrence within a short time, a repetition of the maneuvers often relieves these episodes. When caused by trauma, BPV typically appears within 3 days of the head injury. When caused by viral infections, it can arise within one week or even years after the viral infection. While it will remit spontaneously, it often reappears, with about 50% of patients having at least one future bout of PBV, with some individuals having problems for years after the initial event. In BPV the positional vertigo is "fatigable", meaning that it decreases with repetition of the maneuvers. When the symptoms of positional nystagmus, do not fatigue, then it is likely the cause is more serious, and may be attributable to central vestibular lesions. Benign Positional Vertigo Next: Glossary of Vestibular Terms